• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    HYDROCYCLONE The present invention relates to a hydrocyclone (10) including a tank (12) with a fluid inlet (14), a filtered fluid outlet (16), an effluent outlet (18), a process fluid outlet (20) and a chamber (24) including an inner peripheral wall (22) centered around a central geometric axis (X). The hydrocyclone additionally includes: i) a filter assembly (26) located inside the chamber (24) and which has an outer membrane surface (44) symmetrically located around the central geometric axis (X) and enclosing a filtrate chamber ( 46) which is in fluid communication with the filtered fluid outlet (16), and ii) a cleaning set (50) concentrically located and rotatorily engaged around the membrane surface (44). A fluid path (28) extends from the fluid inlet (14) and defines a vortex region (25) between the inner peripheral wall (22) of the chamber (24) and the membrane surface (44) that is adapted to receive inlet fluid. An inlet flow deflector (58) is concentrically located around the filter assembly (26) and is adapted to block at least a portion of fluid flowing into the chamber (24) from the fluid inlet (14). impact the membrane surface (44).
    公开号:BR112014027100B1
    申请号:R112014027100-3
    申请日:2013-05-07
    公开日:2020-12-01
    发明作者:George D. Caffell；Gene A. Mckay；Steven E. O'reilly
    申请人:Dow Global Technologies Llc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Technical field
    [001] The invention is generally directed to hydrocyclones and cyclonic fluid separation. Prior art
    [002] Hydrocyclones are commonly used to separate suspended particles from liquids. In a typical embodiment, a pressurized feed liquid (eg, wastewater) is introduced into a conical-shaped chamber under conditions that create a vortex within the chamber. Feed liquid is introduced near the top of a conical chamber and an effluent stream is discharged near the bottom. Centrifugal forces associated with the vortex force denser particles towards the periphery of the chamber. As a result, the liquid located in the center of the vortex has a lower concentration of particles than that of the periphery. This “cleaner” liquid can then be extracted from a central region of the hydrocyclone. Examples of hydrocyclones are described in: US patents nos 3,061,098, 3,529,544, 5,104,520, 5,407,584, 5,478,484 and US 7998251. The separation efficiency can be improved by including a filter in the chamber in such a way that a portion of liquid moving in the center of the chamber, pass through the filter. In such embodiments, cyclonic separation is combined with cross-flow filtration. Examples of such embodiments are described in U.S. Patents Nos. 7,632,416, 7,896,169 and US 8,201,697 and U.S. Patent Applications in US 2011/160087, US 2013/0126421 and 2012/0010063. Aspects of cyclonic separation present challenges for cross-flow filtration. For example, the feed flow velocities used to create a vortex in cyclonic separations may result in accelerated wear or fouling of the membrane used in cross flow filtration. This condition is exacerbated when using feed fluids having a high solids content. Other types of filters are described in US 6,511,559. summary
    [003] The invention includes multiple embodiments of hydrocyclones and methods for carrying out cyclonic separations using them. In one embodiment, the invention includes a hydrocyclone 10 including a tank 12 with a fluid inlet 14, a filtered fluid outlet 16, an effluent outlet 18, a process fluid outlet 20 and a chamber 24 including an inner peripheral wall 22 centered around a central geometric axis X. The hydrocyclone additionally includes: i) a filter assembly 26 located inside the chamber 24 and having a cylindrical outer membrane surface 44 symmetrically located around the central geometric axis X and enclosing a chamber filtrate 46 which is in fluid communication with the filtered fluid outlet 16, and ii) a cleaning assembly 50 concentrically located and rotatorily engaged around the membrane surface 44. A fluid path 28 extends from the fluid inlet 14 and defines a vortex region 25 between the inner peripheral wall 22 of the chamber 24 and the membrane surface 44 is adapted to receive inlet fluid. An inlet flow deflector 58 is concentrically located around the filter assembly 26 and is adapted to block at least a portion of the fluid flowing into the chamber 24 from the fluid inlet 14 from impacting the membrane surface 44. Description of the drawings
    [004] Several aspects of the invention may be better understood by reference to the description below taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings where identical numerals were used across the different views to designate identical parts. The representations are illustrative and are not intended to scale or otherwise limit the invention. Figure 1A is an elevational view showing an embodiment of the invention; Figure 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 1B-1B of figure 1A; Figure 2A is a partially sectioned perspective view of a filter assembly; Figure 2B is a perspective view of the filter of Figure 2A including a cleaning kit; Figure 2C is a perspective view of the assembly of Figure 2B including a fluid inlet baffle assembly; Figure 3 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the assembly in Figure 2C; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an alternative embodiment of the invention; and Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view of the embodiment of Figure 4. Detailed Description
    [005] The present invention generally relates to hydrocyclone filtration devices and related methods for conducting cyclonic separation. For the purposes of the present description, the term "hydrocyclone" refers to a filtration device that at least partially relies on centrifugal forces generated by the vortexing fluid flow to separate constituents of a mixture of fluids. Examples include separating solid particles from a liquid mixture (eg, aqueous mixtures) and separating mixtures including liquids of different densities (eg, oil and water). Specific applications include the treatment of: pulp effluents generated by paper mills, process waters generated from oil and gas recovery, stagnant waters and municipal and industrial wastewater.
    [006] An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in figures 1A-B including a hydrocyclone generally shown at 10 including a tank 12 having a removable cap 13, a fluid inlet 14, a filtered fluid outlet 16, an effluent outlet 18, a process fluid outlet 20 and an inner peripheral wall 22 enclosing a chamber 24 and centered around a central geometric axis X. While represented as including a single chamber, additional chambers may also be included as described in connection with figures 4 -5. Similarly, additional fluid inlets and outlets may also be included. While showing as having an upper cylindrical section and a tapered base, the tank 12 may have other configurations including a more cylindrical shape as described in connection with figures 4-5.
    [007] A filter assembly 26 is preferably located centrally within the chamber 24 and is evenly spaced from the inner peripheral wall 22 of the tank 12. As best shown in figure 2A, the assembly 26 includes a cylindrical outer membrane surface 44 which can be manufactured from a wide variety of materials, including porous polymers, ceramics and metals. In one embodiment, the membrane is relatively thin, e.g., 0.2 - 0.4 mm and is supported by an underlying rigid frame or a porous support (not shown). A representative example is described in US2012 / 0010063. The pore size (eg, 1 to 500 microns), shape (eg, V-shape, cylindrical, grooved) and membrane uniformity 44 may vary depending on the application. In many preferred embodiments the membrane 44 comprises a corrosion resistant metal (e.g., electroformed nickel mesh) including uniform pore sizes having sizes from 10 to 100 microns. Representative examples of such materials are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 7,632,416, 7,896,169, U.S. Patent Applications No. 2011/0120959, 2011/0220586 and 2012/0010063 all subject matter of which are incorporated herein by reference.
    [008] As best shown in figure 1B, a fluid path 28 extends from the fluid inlet 14 and defines a vortex region 25 between the inner peripheral wall 22 of the chamber 24 and the membrane surface 44. In operation, fluid pressurized feed (eg, preferably 4 to 120 psi) enters tank 12 through fluid inlet 14 and follows along fluid path 28 which generates a vortex around filter assembly 26. Centrifugal forces force denser materials towards the inner peripheral wall 22 of the tank 12 while less dense liquids flow radially inward towards the filter assembly 26. A portion of this liquid flows through the membrane surface 44 into a filtrate chamber 46 and may subsequently leave tank 12 as “filtered” through the filtered fluid outlet 16. The remaining “unfiltered” flows downwardly from chamber 24. The fluid flow slows down and more dense materials (e.g. cells) preferably sit in the bottom center of the tank and can then exit the tank via the effluent outlet 18. The effluent outlet 18 may optionally include a valve (eg, one-way check valve) to selectively control the removal of effluent from tank 12. The remaining liquid (hereinafter referred to as “process fluid”) flows downwards and can exit the tank via a process fluid outlet 20. In most applications, the process fluid represents a semi-processed product that can be reused, discarded or recycled back to the fluid inlet 14 for further treatment. "Filtered" typically represents a highly processed product that can be reused or discarded. "Effluent" typically represents a low-processed product that can be further treated or disposed of. However, it should be appreciated that, in some applications, the effluent may represent a valuable product.
    [009] The hydrocyclone 10 in question may additionally include a cleaning kit 50 to remove debris from the membrane surface 44 of the filter assembly 26. A representative embodiment is illustrated in figure 2B with the assembly 50 being concentrically located and rotatably engaged with the around the membrane surface 44 and includes one or more rays 52 extending radially outwardly. A brush 54 extends out of the end of radius 52 and engages (eg touches or comes very close to) the surface of the membrane substrate 44. While shown as a brush 54, alternative cleaning means may be included including mops, squeegees or pullers. 2 to 50 brushes, and preferably 18 to 24 brushes are used in most embodiments. As shown by curved arrows, the cleaning set 50 rotates around the filter set 26 in such a way that the brush 54 sweeps the surface of the membrane substrate 44 and removes debris, eg, creating turbulence close to the surface or directly contacting the surface. One or more blades 56 may be mounted at the end of at least one radius 52 in such a way that fluid flowing into the vortex chamber 24 rotate the cleaning assembly 50 around the filter assembly 26. Space blades 56 evenly around the filter assembly adds stability to the swirling movement of cleaning set 50 and may assist in maintaining a flow of vortex fluid in vortex chamber 24. While shown extending radially outward from the surface of the membrane substrate 44, the paddles may be inclined (eg, from -5 to -30o or from 5 to 30o on the radial axis) to increase rotational speed. Bearings are used between the filter and cleaning sets (26.50) to additionally facilitate rotation without impeding vortex flow. In alternative embodiments not shown, the cleaning set 50 can be activated by alternative means, eg, electronic motor, magnetic force, etc. In yet another embodiment, the filter assembly may move relative to the fixed cleaning assembly.
    [0010] The supply fluid inlet pressure and the spacing between the outer periphery of the filter assembly 26 and the inner peripheral wall 22 of the tank 12 can be optimized in order to create and maintain a vortex fluid flow within the chamber 24. In order to further facilitate the creation and maintenance of the flow of the vortex fluid, the fluid inlet 14 preferably directs the incoming supply fluid along a tangential path around the vortex chamber, as shown in figure 1A. Even following such a tangential path, pressurized feed fluid can directly impinge on the membrane surface 44 of the filtration set 26 and lead to premature wear or fouling (a) - particularly in connection with feed fluids having a high solids content. To protect the membrane surface 44, an inlet flow deflector 58 may be located between the fluid inlet 14 and the membrane surface 44, e.g., concentrically located around the filter assembly 26. Non-limiting embodiments are shown in figures 2C and 3. As shown, deflector 58 preferably comprises a strip of non-porous cylindrical material, e.g., plastic, which blocks at least a portion of fluid flowing into chamber 24 through fluid inlet 14 to directly impinge (impact) on the membrane surface 44, better shown in figure 3. The band may be formed from a continuous loop of material or by means of independent arcs. In a preferred embodiment, the deflector 58 has a height of approximately the height of the membrane surface 44 in such a way that the deflector 58 and the membrane surface 44 form concentric cylinders. In a preferred embodiment, the deflector may be removably mounted to cleaning set 50. By way of a non-limiting example, the blades 56 of cleaning set 50 may include vertical grooves 60 for receiving deflector 58, as shown in figures 2B- C and 3.
    [0011] An alternative embodiment of the invention is illustrated in figures 4-5 where the tank 12 is substantially cylindrical and includes at least two and preferably three vertically aligned chambers, including a vortex chamber 24, an effluent separation chamber 30 and a process fluid chamber 32. The vortex chamber 24 is in fluid communication with the fluid inlet 14. A filter assembly 26 is centrally located within the vortex chamber 24 and encloses a filtrate chamber 46. The filtrate chamber 56 it is in fluid communication with the filtered fluid outlet 16. The effluent separation chamber 30 is located below and is in fluid communication with the vortex chamber 24. The effluent separation chamber 30 is adapted to receive unfiltered fluid from the chamber of vortex 24. A process fluid chamber 32 is in turn located below and is in fluid communication with the effluent separation chamber 30. Process fluid chamber 32 is adapted to receive a process fluid from the effluent separation chamber 30 and is in fluid communication with the process fluid outlet 20 through which the process fluid can exit the tank 12.
    [0012] A vortex flow barrier 34 is located between the vortex and the effluent separation chambers 24,30 and directs the flow of liquid between the vortex and the effluent separation chambers 24,30 to locations adjacent to the peripheral wall internal 22 of the tank 12. The vortex flow barrier 34 may be designed to maintain the flow of vortex fluid in the effluent separation chamber 24 and interrupt the flow of vortex fluid 28 as the fluid flows from the chamber of vortex 24 into the separation chamber 30. More specifically, the vortex flow barrier 34 includes an outer periphery 40 extending to locations adjacent to or in contact with the inner peripheral wall 22 of the tank 12 and may additionally include a plurality of openings 42 located near and extending through them. In the illustrated embodiment, the openings 42 are shaped like scallops, but alternative formats can also be used.
    [0013] An optional effluent barrier 36 is located below the effluent separating chamber 30 and is adapted to direct the flow of fluid from the effluent separating chamber 30 to the process fluid outlet 20. The effluent barrier 36 includes an outer periphery 40 'extending to locations adjacent to or in contact with the inner peripheral wall 22 of the tank 12 and may additionally include a plurality of openings 42' located close to the periphery 40 'and extending through it. In the illustrated embodiment, the openings 42 'are in the shape of a scallop, however alternative shapes can also be used. In a preferred embodiment, the openings 42 of the vortex flow barrier 34 are vertically offset from the openings 42 'of the effluent barrier 36, as shown by dotted arrows in figure 2. The effluent barrier 36 also includes a centrally located effluent opening. 38 in fluid communication with the effluent outlet 18 through which the effluent can leave the tank 12.
    [0014] In operation, pressurized feed fluid (eg, preferably 4 to 120 psi) enters tank 12 through fluid inlet 14 and follows along fluid path 28 which generates a vortex around the filter assembly 26. Centrifugal forces force denser materials towards the inner peripheral wall 22 of the tank 12 while the less dense liquid flows radially out towards the filter assembly 26. A portion of this liquid flows through the filter assembly 26 to into the filtrate chamber 46 and may subsequently leave the tank 12 as “filtrate” through the filtered fluid outlet 16. The remaining “unfiltered” flows down from the vortex chamber 24 to the effluent separation chamber 30. The barrier of vortex flow 34 directs the majority (e.g., preferably at least 75% and in some embodiments at least 90%) of such descending flow to locations along or adjacent to the inner peripheral wall 22 of the tank 12. This arrangement is believed to assist in maintaining the vortex flow within the vortex chamber 24 while interrupting the vortex flow as the fluid enters the effluent separation chamber 30. The fluid flow slows down in the separation chamber effluent 30 and denser materials (eg, particles) preferably settle towards the center of the effluent barrier 34 and enter the effluent opening 38 and can then exit the tank through the effluent outlet 18. The Effluent 18 may optionally include a valve 48 (eg, a one-way check valve) to selectively control the removal of effluent from tank 12. The remaining liquid (hereinafter referred to as “process fluid”) in the chamber effluent separator 30 flows downwardly into the process fluid chamber 32. Effluent barrier 36 directs the majority (e.g., preferably at least 75% and in some embodiments at least 90%) of the flow that of fluid between the effluent separating vortex and the process fluid chambers 34.36 to locations along or adjacent to the inner peripheral wall 22 of the tank 12, i.e., through the openings 42 '.
    [0015] While in some embodiments the effluent barrier 36 includes scallop-shaped openings 42 ', alternatively shaped openings may also be used, including radial grooves, angled grooves, and triangular openings located on the outer periphery 40'. Similarly, alternatively shaped apertures 42 may be used with respect to the vortex flow barrier 34. The shape and size of aperture 42.42 'may be controlled in order to control the flow of fluid downwardly through chambers 24,30,32 of the tank 12, with the flow being preferably directed to the inner peripheral wall 22 of the tank 12. With that said, a minority (e.g., less than 50% and more preferably less than 75% and even more preferably less than 90 %) of the downward flow (ie, non-effluent fluid with respect to effluent barrier 36) may occur in alternative locations including the central location of both barriers 42,36. In yet another embodiment not illustrated, one or both of the vortex flow barrier 34 and the effluent barrier 36 may include external peripheries that do not contact the inner peripheral wall 22 of the tank 12 and do not include any openings.
    [0016] The hydrocyclones in question provide superior separation efficiencies compared to previous projects. These efficiencies allow the hydrocyclone to be used in a wider range of applications; particularly in embodiments where the process fluid is recycled and optionally mixed with replacement feed fluid. Broadly speaking, the feed fluid is subjected to a synergistic combination of multiple separation processes within a single device. Specifically, the feed fluid is subjected to cyclonic separation based at least partially on density with denser materials (eg, particles) being forced towards the inner periphery of the tank. Fluid passing through the filter assembly is additionally subjected to cross-flow filtration. The inlet feed barrier in question prevents the membrane used in cross-flow filtration from being subjected to excessive wear or fouling (a) attributed to the feed pressures and feed content associated with cyclonic separations. The subject matter of each of the US patent references mentioned here is fully incorporated by reference.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [0001]
    1. Hydrocyclone, characterized by the fact that it comprises a tank (12) including an internal peripheral wall (22) centered around a central geometric axis (X), a fluid inlet (14), a filtered fluid outlet (16), an effluent outlet (18), a process fluid outlet (20), a vortex chamber (24) and an effluent separation chamber (30) separated by a vortex flow barrier (34) where the outlet of effluent (18) and process fluid outlet (20) are located inside the effluent separation chamber (30); - a filter assembly (26) located inside the vortex chamber (24) and having an outer membrane surface (44) symmetrically located around the central geometric axis (X) and enclosing a filtrate chamber (46) in fluid communication with the filtered fluid outlet (16); - a cleaning set (50) concentrically located and rotatably engaged around the membrane surface (44); - a fluid path (28) extending from the fluid inlet (14) and defining a vortex region (25) between the inner peripheral wall (22) of the vortex chamber (24) and the membrane surface (44) that it is adapted to receive input fluid; - an inlet flow deflector (58) mounted on the cleaning assembly (50) concentrically located around the filter assembly (26) and adapted to block at least a portion of fluid flowing into the vortex chamber (24) from the fluid inlet (14) to impact the membrane surface (44); and - the vortex flow barrier (34) interrupting the flow of fluid from the vortex region (25) to the effluent separation chamber (30).
    [0002]
    2. Hydrocyclone, according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet flow deflector (58) comprises a non-porous cylindrical band.
    [0003]
    3. Hydrocyclone, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the vortex flow barrier (34) directs a majority of the fluid flow between the vortex and effluent separation chambers (24.30) to locations adjacent to the or to the inner peripheral wall (22) of the tank (12).
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    法律状态:
    2018-03-06| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2018-03-13| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2018-03-20| B06I| Publication of requirement cancelled [chapter 6.9 patent gazette]|Free format text: ANULADA A PUBLICACAO CODIGO 6.6.1 NA RPI NO 2462 DE 13/03/2018 POR TER SIDO INDEVIDA. |
    2019-09-17| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-01| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-01| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 07/05/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201261648096P| true| 2012-05-17|2012-05-17|
    US61/648,096|2012-05-17|
    PCT/US2013/039798|WO2013173115A1|2012-05-17|2013-05-07|Hydroclone with inlet flow shield|
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